Prague's population had begun to grow again in the second half of the seventeenth century.

Jews, having been in Prague since the end of the tenth century, account for about a quarter of Prague's population by 1708.

The plague also spreads to other territories of the Habsburg monarchy, though it is not involved in the Great Northern War.

Territories severely affected in 1713 are Bohemia (where thirty-seven thousand die only in Prague), and Austria, and the plague also strikes Moravia and Hungary.

A major outbreak of plague hits Prague one last time in 1713–14, killing twelve thousand to thirteen thousand people.

Maria Theresa has herself crowned Queen of Bohemia on May 12, 1743, in St. Vitus Cathedral.

Frederick's corps unites with a corps under Prince Moritz, and General Bevern joins up with Schwerin, after which both armies converge near Prague.

The Austrians have not been idle in the interim.

The able Austrian Field Marshal Maximilian Ulysses Count Browne, though initially surprised by the early Prussian attack, has been retreating skillfully and concentrating his armed forces towards Prague.

Here he establishes a fortified position to the east of the town, and an additional army under Prince Charles of Lorraine arrives, swelling the Austrian numbers to sixty thousand.

The prince now takes command.

The Austrian army under von Browne has taken up a near invincible position on the Ziska and the Tabor mountains.

The town is on their left flank, with a steep gorge to the north, and to the west by a marshy slope with a brook at the bottom.

The two Austrian commanders are in disagreement about the course of action: von Browne wants to attack, but Charles decides to wait for Königsegg, who had been defeated at the Battle of Reichenberg but is known to be retreating towards Prague, and possibly even for the arrival of Daun.

The Prussian army assembles to the north on the Prosek heights around five AM on the sixth of May, one hundred and fifteen thousand men strong, and Frederick sends Keith with thirty thousand to the west of the town to cut off any Austrian retreat.

The Austrians form for battle facing north and east.

Frederick orders an immediate assault, but Schwerin convinces him to make a reconnaissance around the Austrian right flank.

He returns with the information that gradually sloping green meadows offer a better chance for attack at the Austrian rear.

The Prussian army starts marching around seven AM, and succeeds in staying largely out of sight until the Austrian generals notice the movements around ten AM.

Field Marshal von Browne shifts six infantry regiments to take up position to the south east.

Schwerin, accompanied by General Winterfeldt, is finally prepared to attack.

Winterfeldt's infantry leads the attack.

The Prussian infantry soon find themselves not in meadows, but in the remains of fish ponds.

While they struggle through, Winterfeldt is hit by a musketball.

The Prussian infantry wavers and Schwerin rallies them, leading them from the front.

He is hit several times by Austrian canister.

Frederick, when he hears the news, orders the assault to continue.

The Austrian infantry smells the Prussian confusion and starts to press the Prussians back down the slope, opening a gap between themselves and the remainder of the Austrian line still facing north.

At this time von Browne is mortally wounded by Prussian infantry fire and carried into Prague.

While King Frederick and General von Zieten reorganize the Prussian infantry in the south for another attack, the generals Hautcharmoy and Bevern spot the gap in the Austrian line and start to filter infantry into the gap.

Austrian Croats have engaged Prussians to the north of the Austrian left flank, but with the gap in the Austrian line being exploited by a steady stream of Prussians he pulls back and forms a new line running south from the west end of the Tabor mountain.

The final phase of the battle starts around 3 pm, with Prussians engaging the still-forming Austrian line and outflanking them from the south.

Charles withdraws into the town, the retreat being covered by his cavalry.

The Austrians have lost twelve thousand men and forty-five hundred prisoners.

Having suffered over fourteen thousand casualties in his own army, losses hard to replace for the small Prussia, Frederick decides not to assault the city walls of Prague, calculating that forty thousand soldiers in addition to seventy-five thousand inhabitants will soon consume the city stores.

The Prussian army now lays siege to the city.

The Frankists, or Zoharists, in Bohemia-Moravia outwardly remain Jews, although they are  antirabbinical.

The crisis posed by Frankism does not discredit Kabbala, but it leads the spiritual authorities of Judaism to watch over and severely curtail its spread and to exercise rigorous ideological control, by concrete acts of censorship and repression, over anyone, even a person of tested piety and recognized knowledge, who is suspected of Sabbatean sympathies or of messianic pretensions.

Mozart's Symphony No. 38 in D major, K. 504, composed in late 1786, premiers in Prague on January 19, 1787, during the composer's first visit to the city.

Because it is first performed in Prague, it is popularly known as the Prague Symphony.

Mozart's Don Giovanni is premiered by the Prague Italian opera at the National Theater (of Bohemia), now called the Estates Theatre, on October 29, 1787.

An opera in two acts, based on the legends of Don Juan, a fictional libertine and seducer (K. 527; complete title: Il dissoluto punito, ossia il Don Giovanni, literally The Rake Punished, namely Don Giovanni or The Libertine Punished), Da Ponte's libretto is billed as a dramma giocoso, a common designation of the time that denotes a mixing of serious and comic action.

Mozart enters the work into his catalogue as an opera buffa.

Although sometimes classified as comic, it blends comedy, melodrama and supernatural elements.

The opera had been commissioned as a result of the overwhelming success of Mozart's trip to Prague in January and February 1787.

The subject matter may have been chosen in consideration of the long history of Don Juan operas in Prague; the genre of eighteenth-century Don Juan opera originated in Prague.

A staple of the standard operatic repertoire, Don Giovanni for the five seasons 2011/12 through 2015/16 will be ninth on the Operabase list of the most-performed operas worldwide.

It will also prove a fruitful subject for writers and philosophers.