The Scottish rulers fail to restore lands to pro-English nobles, thereby abrogating the 1328 Treaty of Northampton.
England’s Edward III makes plans to recover the Scottish throne for John de Balliol’s son Edward de Balliol and finally invades Scotland, engaging the Scots at Dupplin Moor on August 12, 1332.
Attacking by night, and employing the tactic—invented by the Welsh and used effectively during the Rebellion of the Marches—of longbows and dismounted men-at-arms, the English forces defeat the Scots and slay their leader, the Earl of Mar.
Shortly afterwards, Edward has Balliol crowned at Scone, thus creating a second king for Scotland who, naturally, acknowledges Edward III as overlord of Scotland.