The nineteenth century in Bosnia and Herzegovina brings alternating Christian peasant revolts against the Slavic Muslim landholders, and Slavic Muslim rebellions against the sultan.

In 1850, the Turkish government strips the conservative Slavic Muslim nobles of power, shifts the capital of Bosnia to Sarajevo, and institutes centralized, highly corrupt rule.

Austrian capital begins to enter the regions, financing primitive industries, and fostering a new Christian middle class, but the mostly Christian serfs continue to suffer the corruption and high rates of the Turkish tax system.