Henry V’s Invasion and the English Triumph at Agincourt (1415)

By 1415, Henry V of England, a brilliant military strategist and capable ruler, had revived the long-running war against France, later known as the Hundred Years’ War (1337–1453). With France weakened by internal conflicts, including the Armagnac-Burgundian Civil War and the Cabochien Revolt, Henry saw an opportunity to renew hostilities and press his claim to the French throne.

I. The Political Situation in France and Henry’s Advantage

• France was divided:
  • The Armagnacs controlled the French royal court and military, supporting the Dauphin Charles.
  • The Burgundians, led by John the Fearless, remained neutral, refusing to support the Armagnacs against England.
• This fractured political landscape left France vulnerable, allowing Henry V to launch a major campaign without facing a united French resistance.