Hans Holbein the Elder and his son Hans begin a project in Lucerne, painting internal and external murals for the merchant Jakob von Hertenstein.

While in Lucerne, the younger Holbein also designs cartoons for stained glass.

The city's records show that on December 10, 1517, he had been fined five livres for fighting in the street with a goldsmith called Caspar, who was fined the same amount.

Over the winter, Holbein the younger had probably visited northern Italy, though no record of the trip survives.

Many scholars believe he studied the work of Italian masters of fresco, such as Andrea Mantegna, before returning to Lucerne.

He fills two series of panels at Hertenstein's house with copies of works by Mantegna, including The Triumphs of Caesar.