The Peace of Utrecht stipulates that "because …
Years: 1713 - 1713
The Peace of Utrecht stipulates that "because of the great danger which threatened the liberty and safety of all Europe, from the too close conjunction of the kingdoms of Spain and France, [...] one and the same person should never become King of both kingdoms."
Some historians view this as a key point in the evolution of the modern nation state.
Britain is usually seen as the main beneficiary, Utrecht marking its rise to becoming the primary European commercial power.
It establishes naval superiority over its competitors, controls the strategic Mediterranean ports of Gibraltar and Menorca, and gains commercial access to Spanish America.
France accepts the Protestant succession, ensuring a smooth inheritance by George I in August 1714 and will end support for the Stuarts under the 1716 Anglo-French Treaty.
Lastly, the war has left all the participants with unprecedented levels of government debt but only Britain successfully has financed it.
Philip is confirmed as King of Spain, which retains its independence and the majority of its Empire but cedes the Spanish Netherlands and most of their Italian possessions.
The 1707 Nueva Planta decrees had transferred powers to Madrid and largely abolished regional political structures.
These reforms have enabled Spain to recover remarkably quickly and only British naval power will prevent them regaining Naples and Sicily in 1718.
Despite its failure in Spain, Austria has secured its position in Italy and Hungary and acquired the bulk of the Spanish Netherlands.
Even after reimbursing the Dutch for most of the expenses associated with their Barrier, the increased tax revenues will help fund a significant expansion of Austrian military forces.
The acquisition of maritime territories in the Netherlands and Italy increases the potential for conflict in an area where Austria has traditionally relied on others, and Spain will recapture Sicily and Naples during the War of the Polish Succession in 1734.
Wider implications include the beginning of the rise of Prussia and Savoy, while many of the participants are involved in the Great Northern War, with Russia becoming a European power for the first time as a result.
Finally, while colonial conflicts had been relatively minor and largely confined to the North American theater or the so-called Queen Anne's War, they are to become a key element in future wars.
Some historians view this as a key point in the evolution of the modern nation state.
Britain is usually seen as the main beneficiary, Utrecht marking its rise to becoming the primary European commercial power.
It establishes naval superiority over its competitors, controls the strategic Mediterranean ports of Gibraltar and Menorca, and gains commercial access to Spanish America.
France accepts the Protestant succession, ensuring a smooth inheritance by George I in August 1714 and will end support for the Stuarts under the 1716 Anglo-French Treaty.
Lastly, the war has left all the participants with unprecedented levels of government debt but only Britain successfully has financed it.
Philip is confirmed as King of Spain, which retains its independence and the majority of its Empire but cedes the Spanish Netherlands and most of their Italian possessions.
The 1707 Nueva Planta decrees had transferred powers to Madrid and largely abolished regional political structures.
These reforms have enabled Spain to recover remarkably quickly and only British naval power will prevent them regaining Naples and Sicily in 1718.
Despite its failure in Spain, Austria has secured its position in Italy and Hungary and acquired the bulk of the Spanish Netherlands.
Even after reimbursing the Dutch for most of the expenses associated with their Barrier, the increased tax revenues will help fund a significant expansion of Austrian military forces.
The acquisition of maritime territories in the Netherlands and Italy increases the potential for conflict in an area where Austria has traditionally relied on others, and Spain will recapture Sicily and Naples during the War of the Polish Succession in 1734.
Wider implications include the beginning of the rise of Prussia and Savoy, while many of the participants are involved in the Great Northern War, with Russia becoming a European power for the first time as a result.
Finally, while colonial conflicts had been relatively minor and largely confined to the North American theater or the so-called Queen Anne's War, they are to become a key element in future wars.
Locations
People
- Anne, Queen of Great Britain
- Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, King of the Romans (King of Germany)
- Eugene of Savoy
- John V of Portugal
- Louis XIV of France
- Philip V of Spain
- Victor Amadeus II
Groups
- Austria, Archduchy of
- Utrecht, Lordship of
- Savoy, Duchy of
- Netherlands, United Provinces of the (Dutch Republic)
- Netherlands, Southern (Spanish)
- France, (Bourbon) Kingdom of
- Habsburg Monarchy, or Empire
- Portugal, Bragança Kingdom of
- Spain, Bourbon Kingdom of
- Britain, Kingdom of Great
Topics
Subjects
Regions
Subregions
Related Events
Showing 10 events out of 28393 total
Years: 1713 - 1713
Locations
People
- Anne, Queen of Great Britain
- Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, King of the Romans (King of Germany)
- Eugene of Savoy
- John V of Portugal
- Louis XIV of France
- Philip V of Spain
- Victor Amadeus II
Groups
- Austria, Archduchy of
- Utrecht, Lordship of
- Savoy, Duchy of
- Netherlands, United Provinces of the (Dutch Republic)
- Netherlands, Southern (Spanish)
- France, (Bourbon) Kingdom of
- Habsburg Monarchy, or Empire
- Portugal, Bragança Kingdom of
- Spain, Bourbon Kingdom of
- Britain, Kingdom of Great
Topics
Subjects
Regions
Subregions