The books now known as the Corpus Hermeticum are part of a renaissance of syncretistic and intellectualized pagan thought that took place around the second century.

Other examples of this cultural moment include Neoplatonist philosophy, the Chaldaean Oracles, late Orphic and Pythagorean literature, as well as much of Gnosticism.

The corpus of Hermetica, the category of popular Late Antique literature purporting to contain secret wisdom, and generally attributed to Hermes Trismegistus, "thrice-great Hermes", a syncretism of the Greek god Hermes and the Egyptian Thoth, is by 300 essentially complete.

The hieroglyphic-based cursive script of Egyptian Demotic gives way around the same time to Coptic, written in an alphabet based on Greek and comprising many dialects.

The realistic style now dominant in Roman portraiture echoes both the style and the technique of Egyptian mummy portraits.

The floor of a Roman villa in southeastern Sicily near the present town of Piazza Armerina boasts a spectacular series of multicolored mosaics thought to have been set around 300 by artisans from North Africa.

Covering an area of about forty-two hundred square yards (thirty-five hundred square meters), the pavements feature large figures distributed seemingly at random in crowded, spaceless fields.

One major scene depicts the hunting and capture of African animals for shipment to Rome; others represent women exercising, the circus, seascapes, cupids at play, and mythological themes.

The Romans in Britain, who by 300 have come increasingly under hit-and-run attacks by the Saxon raiders, have constructed coastal forts as far as Cardiff, …

…have erected a defensive river wall at Londinium, and …

…fortified York.

The Saxon raids originating from the Amsterdam shore target the Wash; …

… those from the Boulogne area are directed at Kent; and …

…those from the Cherbourg vicinity aim at the Isle of Wight.

The Saxons pillage settlements, murder and rape civilians, and torch buildings.

 Emperor Hui’s regent Sima Jiong, the fourth of the eight princes commonly associated with the War of the Eight Princes, responds to Sima Yun’s usurpation by leading a coalition of forces, including Sima Ying and Sima Yong, against Sima Lun.

In 301, they defeat Sima Lun's troops, kill him, and then reestablish Emperor Hui as the emperor, with Sima Jiong exerting the most influence at the imperial court.

Armenian monarch Tiridates III, who owes his throne to the Roman Empire, adopts Christianity in 301 as his nation’s official religion, making Armenia the first Christian state.

The king appoints Gregory the Illuminator, who had been the instrument of his conversion, as the first Catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church.