A series of constitutional amendments are approved by the Egyptian parliament in 2019, further increasing the President's and the military's power, increasing presidential terms from four years to six years and allowing El-Sisi to run for other two mandates.

The proposals are approved in a referendum.

A Russian Il-20 reconnaissance plane is shot down by a Syrian surface-to-air missile, killing all fifteen Russian servicemen on board, while the Israeli Air Force conduct missile strikes that hit targets in western Syria.

Russia blames Israel's military for the accident because the Israeli jets that conducted the strikes allegedly used the Russian plane as cover to allow them to approach their targets without being hit by Syrian fire.

Omar al-Bashir is deposed as President of Sudan in a coup d'état, amid mass protests, on April 11, 2019, after nearly thirty years in office.

More than one hundred people are killed when Sudanese troops and Janjaweed militiamen storm and open fire on a protest camp outside of a military headquarters in Khartoum, Sudan, on June 3, 2019.

The African Union suspends Sudan's membership on June 11 "with immediate effect" after the Khartoum massacre.

A car crashes into three other cars causing an explosion outside the National Cancer Institute Egypt in Cairo, Egypt, killing at least twenty people and injuring forty-seven others, on August 4, 2019.

The next day, Mahmoud Tawfik, the Interior Minister of Egypt, will state that the car contained explosives and was to be used in a terrorist operation.

The explosives-filled car had been on its way to commit an attack in another part of the capital.

Tawfik will accuse the Hasm Movement of carrying out the bombing, but the group will deny the allegations.

Two Israeli drones attack Beirut, Lebanon, on August 25, 2019, according to Lebanese officials.

One crashes into the roof of the Hezbollah Media Center, about forty-five minutes before the second explodes in the air and damages the building.

It is the first such incident between Israel and Lebanon since the 2006 Lebanon War.

Libya's Government of National Accord activates a cooperation accord with Turkey, allowing for a potential Turkish military intervention in the Second Libyan Civil War, on December 19, 2019.

Russia launches a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022.

The invasion is preceded by a Russian military buildup in occupied Crimea and around Ukraine, and by Russia's recognition of the breakaway separatist regions in eastern Ukraine.

The invasion is the largest conventional military attack in Europe since the Second World War.

At about 06:00 Moscow time, Putin announces a "special military operation" in eastern Ukraine; minutes later, cities of Ukraine are attacked by missiles.

Two hours later, Russian ground forces enter  the country.

The invasion is met with widespread international condemnation, with further sanctions against Russia

Anti-war protests in Russia are met with mass arrests.

Substantial amendments to the Russian constitution proposed in January 2020 take effect in July following a national vote, allowing Putin to run for two more six-year presidential terms after his current term ends.