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...Russian expansion to the northwest toward the …
Years: 1552 - 1563
...Russian expansion to the northwest toward the Baltic Sea proves to be much more difficult.
In 1558 Ivan invades Livonia, eventually embroiling him in a twenty-five-year war against Poland, Lithuania, Sweden, and Denmark.
Despite occasional successes, Ivan's army is pushed back, and Muscovy fails to secure a coveted position on the Baltic Sea.
The war drains Muscovy.
Some historians believe that Ivan initiates the opricnina to mobilize resources for the war and to quell opposition to it.
Regardless of the reason, Ivan's domestic and foreign policies have a devastating effect on Muscovy, and they lead to a period of social struggle and civil war, the so-called Time of Troubles (Smutnoye vremya, 1598-1613).
Locations
People
Groups
- Lithuanians (Eastern Balts)
- Danes (Scandinavians)
- Poles (West Slavs)
- Swedes (Scandinavians)
- Russians (East Slavs)
- Belarusians (East Slavs)
- Ukrainians (East Slavs)
- Moscow, Grand Principality of
- Tatars
- Poland of the Jagiellonians, Kingdom of
- Lithuania, Grand Duchy of
- Cossacks
- Kazan, Khanate of
- Astrakhan Khanate
- Sibir, Khanate of
- Sweden, (second) Kingdom of
- Denmark-Norway, Kingdom of
- Livonia, Duchy of (Polish Estonia and Latvia)
- Siberian Tatars
Topics
- Russian Colonization of Siberia
- Russo-Swedish War of 1554–1557
- Siberia, Conquest of
- “Time of Troubles,” Russian
Commodoties
Subjects
Regions
Subregions
Years: 1552 - 1563
Locations
People
Groups
- Lithuanians (Eastern Balts)
- Danes (Scandinavians)
- Poles (West Slavs)
- Swedes (Scandinavians)
- Russians (East Slavs)
- Belarusians (East Slavs)
- Ukrainians (East Slavs)
- Moscow, Grand Principality of
- Tatars
- Poland of the Jagiellonians, Kingdom of
- Lithuania, Grand Duchy of
- Cossacks
- Kazan, Khanate of
- Astrakhan Khanate
- Sibir, Khanate of
- Sweden, (second) Kingdom of
- Denmark-Norway, Kingdom of
- Livonia, Duchy of (Polish Estonia and Latvia)
- Siberian Tatars
Topics
- Russian Colonization of Siberia
- Russo-Swedish War of 1554–1557
- Siberia, Conquest of
- “Time of Troubles,” Russian
Commodoties
Subjects
Regions
Subregions