China’s Shang dynasty consists of thirty kings in fraternal succession.

The bronze vessels produced by Shang artisans in a variety of distinctive forms are artistic masterpieces.

The production and use of these ritual objects used for the offering of food (especially grains) and wine during the most sacred Shang ceremonies continues into the Zhou (Chou) dynasty.

Beginning in the eleventh century BCE, Chinese artisans manufacture large, barrel-shaped brass bells with ornate designs cast on their outer surfaces.

The Shang Dynasty declines in the twelfth century through internal unrest.