Borough and Richard Chancellor, pilot general of the expedition, had continued on into the White Sea, where Chancellor had accepted an invitation to travel overland to Moscow. (It turns out that the Arctic waters traversed by Chancellor are already well known to Russian sailors, who have used the route around North Cape to western Europe as early as 1496, but this is not generally known at the time.)

Chancellor had received warm hospitality from Tsar Ivan IV, who had given him a letter granting the English favorable conditions for trade with Russia.

Rejoining his ship in the summer of 1554, Chancellor returns to England.