Emperor Andronikos III, Barlaam's primary supporter, had died just five days after the synod ended.

Although Barlaam had initially hoped for a second chance to present his case against Palamas, he soon realizes the futility of pursuing his cause, and leaves for Calabria where he converts to the Roman Church and is appointed Bishop of Gerace.

After Barlaam's departure, Gregory Akindynos becomes the chief critic of Palamas’ position, denouncing it as Messalianism, A second council held in Constantinople in August 1341 condemns Akindynos and affirms to findings of the earlier council, issuing a doctrinal definition on grace and taking a stand in reference to Western teachings.