An Islamist movement in Pakistan, regarded in some quarters as fundamentalist, provides another interpretation of Islam.

Its most significant organization is the Jamaat-i-Islami, which gradually builds up support among the refugees, the urban lower middle-class, and students.

Unlike the traditional ulama, the Islamist movement is the outcome of modern Islamic idealism.

Crucial in the constitutional and political development of Pakistan, it forces politicians to face the question of Islamic identity.