Albanian intellectuals in the late nineteenth century begin devising a single, standard Albanian literary language and making demands that it be used in schools.

Sami Frasheri founds a cultural and educational organization in Constantinople in 1879, the Society for the Printing of Albanian Writings, whose membership comprises Muslim, Catholic, and Orthodox Albanians.

Naim Frasheri, the most-renowned Albanian poet, joins the society and writes and edits textbooks.

Albanian émigrés in Bulgaria, Egypt, Italy, Romania, and the United States support the society's work.